Bhagavad Gita Chapter 1 Verse 3 — Arjuna Vishada Yoga
Sanskrit
पश्यैतां पाण्डुपुत्राणामाचार्य महतीं चमूम् | व्यूढां द्रुपदपुत्रेण तव शिष्येण धीमता ||१-३||
Transliteration
paśyaitāṃ pāṇḍuputrāṇāmācārya mahatīṃ camūm . vyūḍhāṃ drupadaputreṇa tava śiṣyeṇa dhīmatā ||1-3||
Hindi Meaning
।।1.3।।हे आचार्य ! आपके बुद्धिमान शिष्य द्रुपदपुत्र (धृष्टद्द्युम्न) द्वारा व्यूहाकार खड़ी की गयी पाण्डु पुत्रों की इस महती सेना को देखिये।
English Meaning
O my teacher, behold the great army of the sons of Pāṇḍu, so expertly arranged by your intelligent disciple the son of Drupada.
Commentary
Duryodhana, a great diplomat, wanted to point out the defects of Droṇācārya, the great brāhmaṇa commander in chief. Droṇācārya had some political quarrel with King Drupada, the father of Draupadī, who was Arjuna’s wife. As a result of this quarrel, Drupada performed a great sacrifice, by which he received the benediction of having a son who would be able to kill Droṇācārya. Droṇācārya knew this perfectly well, and yet as a liberal brāhmaṇa he did not hesitate to impart all his military secrets when the son of Drupada, Dhṛṣṭadyumna, was entrusted to him for military education. Now, on the Battlefield of Kurukṣetra, Dhṛṣṭadyumna took the side of the Pāṇḍavas, and it was he who arranged for their military phalanx, after having learned the art from Droṇācārya. Duryodhana pointed out this mistake of Droṇācārya’s so that he might be alert and uncompromising in the fighting. By this he wanted to point out also that he should not be similarly lenient in battle against the Pāṇḍavas, who were also Droṇācārya’s affectionate students. Arjuna, especially, was his most affectionate and brilliant student. Duryodhana also warned that such leniency in the fight would lead to defeat.
Hinglish Commentary
Duryodhana, ek bahut hi chatur diplomat, chahata tha ki wo Droṇācārya, jo ek mahan brāhmaṇa aur commander in chief hain, ki kamiyon ko sabke saamne laaye. Droṇācārya ka King Drupada, jo Draupadī ka pita hai, ke saath kuch political jhagda tha. Is jhagde ke chalte, Drupada ne ek bada yajna kiya, jisse usse yeh vardaan mila ki uska ek beta hoga jo Droṇācārya ko maar sakega. Droṇācārya ko is baat ka poora pata tha, phir bhi, ek liberal brāhmaṇa hone ke naate, usne Drupada ke beta Dhṛṣṭadyumna ko apni military secrets sikhane se kabhi nahi jhijhaka. Ab, Kurukṣetra ke battlefield par, Dhṛṣṭadyumna ne Pāṇḍavas ka saath diya, aur wahi unki military strategy tayyar kar raha tha, jo usne Droṇācārya se seekhi thi. Duryodhana ne is Droṇācārya ki galti ko dikhaya taaki wo is baat ka dhyaan rakhe aur ladayi mein koi bhi samjhauta na kare. Wo yeh bhi kehna chahata tha ki Pāṇḍavas ke khilaf ladte waqt bhi usse waise hi sakht rehna chahiye, kyunki wo bhi Droṇācārya ke pyare shishya hain. Arjuna, khaas taur par, uska sabse priya aur pratibhashali shishya tha. Duryodhana ne yeh bhi warn kiya ki aise samjhauta karna unhe haar ki taraf le ja sakta hai.
Chinmaya Commentary
वास्तव में दुर्योधन की यह मूर्खता है कि वह द्रोणाचार्य को पाण्डवों की सैन्य रचना के विषय में विस्तार से बताये। आगे हम देखेंगे कि वह आवश्यकता से अधिक बातें करता है जो युद्ध के परिणाम के विषय में उसके संदेह का स्पष्ट लक्षण है।