Bhagavad Gita Chapter 1 Verse 33 — Arjuna Vishada Yoga
Sanskrit
येषामर्थे काङ्क्षितं नो राज्यं भोगाः सुखानि च | त इमेऽवस्थिता युद्धे प्राणांस्त्यक्त्वा धनानि च ||१-३३||
Transliteration
yeṣāmarthe kāṅkṣitaṃ no rājyaṃ bhogāḥ sukhāni ca . ta ime.avasthitā yuddhe prāṇāṃstyaktvā dhanāni ca ||1-33||
Hindi Meaning
।।1.33।।हमें जिनके लिये राज्य, भोग और सुखादि की इच्छा है, वे ही लोग धन और जीवन की आशा को त्यागकर युद्ध में खड़े हैं।
English Meaning
when all those for whom we may desire them are now arrayed on this battlefield?
Commentary
Arjuna has addressed Lord Kṛṣṇa as Govinda because Kṛṣṇa is the object of all pleasures for cows and the senses. By using this significant word, Arjuna indicates that Kṛṣṇa should understand what will satisfy Arjuna’s senses. But Govinda is not meant for satisfying our senses. If we try to satisfy the senses of Govinda, however, then automatically our own senses are satisfied. Materially, everyone wants to satisfy his senses, and he wants God to be the order supplier for such satisfaction. The Lord will satisfy the senses of the living entities as much as they deserve, but not to the extent that they may covet. But when one takes the opposite way – namely, when one tries to satisfy the senses of Govinda without desiring to satisfy one’s own senses – then by the grace of Govinda all desires of the living entity are satisfied. Arjuna’s deep affection for community and family members is exhibited here partly due to his natural compassion for them. He is therefore not prepared to fight. Everyone wants to show his opulence to friends and relatives, but Arjuna fears that all his relatives and friends will be killed on the battlefield and he will be unable to share his opulence after victory. This is a typical calculation of material life. The transcendental life, however, is different. Since a devotee wants to satisfy the desires of the Lord, he can, Lord willing, accept all kinds of opulence for the service of the Lord, and if the Lord is not willing, he should not accept a farthing. Arjuna did not want to kill his relatives, and if there were any need to kill them, he desired that Kṛṣṇa kill them personally. At this point he did not know that Kṛṣṇa had already killed them before their coming into the battlefield and that he was only to become an instrument for Kṛṣṇa. This fact is disclosed in following chapters. As a natural devotee of the Lord, Arjuna did not like to retaliate against his miscreant cousins and brothers, but it was the Lord’s plan that they should all be killed. The devotee of the Lord does not retaliate against the wrongdoer, but the Lord does not tolerate any mischief done to the devotee by the miscreants. The Lord can excuse a person on His own account, but He excuses no one who has done harm to His devotees. Therefore the Lord was determined to kill the miscreants, although Arjuna wanted to excuse them.
Hinglish Commentary
Arjuna ne Lord Kṛṣṇa ko Govinda bulaaya kyunki Kṛṣṇa sabhi gaoon aur indriyon ke liye sukh ka srot hai. Is shabd ka istemal karke, Arjuna yeh dikhana chahta hai ki Kṛṣṇa samjhein ki kya cheezein Arjuna ki indriyon ko khush karengi. Lekin Govinda sirf hamari indriyon ki khushi ke liye nahi hai. Agar hum Govinda ki indriyon ko khush karne ki koshish karte hain, toh hamari apni indriyaan bhi khud-bakhud khush ho jaati hain. Har koi chahata hai ki uski indriyaan khush ho, aur aksar log chahte hain ki Bhagwan unki is khushi ka bandobast karein. Bhagwan jeevon ki indriyon ko utna hi sukh dete hain jitna unki yogyaata hoti hai, lekin kabhi kabhi unki chahat se zyada nahi. Lekin jab koi vyakti Govinda ki indriyon ko khush karne ki koshish karta hai bina apni khud ki khushi ki chahat kiye, toh Govinda ki kripa se uski sabhi ichhaayein poori hoti hain. Arjuna ka apne parivaar aur samuday ke liye gehra pyar yahan dikh raha hai, kyunki uska unke liye prakritik daya hai. Isliye wo ladne ke liye tayyar nahi hai. Har koi apni samriddhi doston aur rishtedaron ko dikhana chahta hai, lekin Arjuna ko dar hai ki battlefield par uske sabhi rishtedaar aur dost mar jayenge aur wo jeetne ke baad unke saath apni samriddhi nahi baat sakega. Yeh ek aam soch hai material life ki. Lekin transcendental life alag hai. Ek bhakt jab Bhagwan ki ichha ko poora karna chahta hai, toh wo Bhagwan ke seva ke liye har tarah ki samriddhi ko apna sakta hai, aur agar Bhagwan nahi chahte, toh usse ek paisa bhi nahi lena chahiye. Arjuna nahi chahta tha ki wo apne rishtedaaron ko maare, aur agar unhe maarna zaroori hota, toh wo chahta tha ki Kṛṣṇa khud unhe maare. Is waqt usse yeh nahi pata tha ki Kṛṣṇa ne battlefield par aane se pehle hi unhe maar diya hai aur wo sirf Kṛṣṇa ka ek upkaran banne wale hain. Yeh baat aane wale chapters mein khuli jaayegi. Arjuna, jo ki ek prakritik bhakt hai, apne galat kaam karne wale cousins aur bhaiyon ke khilaf retaliate nahi karna chahta tha, lekin yeh Bhagwan ka plan tha ki unhe sabko maar diya jaye. Bhagwan ke bhakt galat kaam karne wale ke khilaf retaliate nahi karte, lekin Bhagwan apne bhakton ke khilaf kiye gaye kisi bhi durachaar ko bardasht nahi karte. Bhagwan kisi vyakti ko apne liye maaf kar sakte hain, lekin unhe nahi maaf karte jo unke bhakton ko nuksan pahunchate hain. Isliye, Bhagwan ne un galat kaam karne walon ko maarne ka pakka irada kiya, jabki Arjuna unhe maaf karna chahta tha.