Bhagavad Gita Chapter 13 Verse 19 — Ksetra Ksetrajna Vibhaga Yoga
Sanskrit
इति क्षेत्रं तथा ज्ञानं ज्ञेयं चोक्तं समासतः | मद्भक्त एतद्विज्ञाय मद्भावायोपपद्यते ||१३-१९||
Transliteration
iti kṣetraṃ tathā jñānaṃ jñeyaṃ coktaṃ samāsataḥ . madbhakta etadvijñāya madbhāvāyopapadyate ||13-19||
Hindi Meaning
।।13.19।। इस प्रकार, (मेरे द्वारा) क्षेत्र, ज्ञान और ज्ञेय को संक्षेपत: कहा गया। इसे तत्त्व से जानकर (विज्ञाय) मेरा भक्त मेरे स्वरूप को प्राप्त होता है।।
English Meaning
Thus the field of activities [the body], knowledge and the knowable have been summarily described by Me. Only My devotees can understand this thoroughly and thus attain to My nature.
Commentary
The Lord has described in summary the body, knowledge and the knowable. This knowledge is of three things: the knower, the knowable and the process of knowing. Combined, these are called vijñāna, or the science of knowledge. Perfect knowledge can be understood by the unalloyed devotees of the Lord directly. Others are unable to understand. The monists say that at the ultimate stage these three items become one, but the devotees do not accept this. Knowledge and development of knowledge mean understanding oneself in Kṛṣṇa consciousness. We are being led by material consciousness, but as soon as we transfer all consciousness to Kṛṣṇa’s activities and realize that Kṛṣṇa is everything, then we attain real knowledge. In other words, knowledge is nothing but the preliminary stage of understanding devotional service perfectly. In the Fifteenth Chapter this will be very clearly explained. Now, to summarize, one may understand that verses 6 and 7, beginning from mahā-bhūtāni and continuing through cetanā dhṛtiḥ, analyze the material elements and certain manifestations of the symptoms of life. These combine to form the body, or the field of activities. And verses 8 through 12, from amānitvam through tattva-jñānārtha-darśanam, describe the process of knowledge for understanding both types of knower of the field of activities, namely the soul and the Supersoul. Then verses 13 through 18, beginning from anādi mat-param and continuing through hṛdi sarvasya viṣṭhitam, describe the soul and the Supreme Lord, or the Supersoul. Thus three items have been described: the field of activity (the body), the process of understanding, and both the soul and the Supersoul. It is especially described here that only the unalloyed devotees of the Lord can understand these three items clearly. So for these devotees Bhagavad-gītā is fully useful; it is they who can attain the supreme goal, the nature of the Supreme Lord, Kṛṣṇa. In other words, only devotees, and not others, can understand Bhagavad-gītā and derive the desired result.
Hinglish Commentary
Bhagwan ne yahan sharir, gyaan aur gyaan ka gyaan dene wale ko summarize kiya hai. Yeh gyaan teen cheezon ka hai: gyaan dene wala, gyaan dene wali cheez aur gyaan ka process. In sab ko mila kar hum ise vijñāna, yaani gyaan ki science kehte hain. Perfect gyaan sirf un bhakt logon ko samajh aata hai jo Bhagwan ke pure bhakt hain. Dusre log isse samajhne mein asafal hote hain. Monists kehte hain ki ant mein yeh teen cheezein ek ho jaati hain, lekin bhakt is baat ko nahi maante. Gyaan aur gyaan ka vikas ka matlab hai apne aap ko Krishna ki chetna mein samajhna. Hum material consciousness se chal rahe hain, lekin jab hum apni saari chetna Krishna ki activities par laga dete hain aur samajhte hain ki Krishna sab kuch hai, tab hum asli gyaan prapt karte hain. Iska matlab hai ki gyaan sirf bhakti se samajhne ka pehla kadam hai. Pandrawe adhyay mein isse aur achhe se samjhaya jayega. Ab, agar hum summarize karein, to verses 6 aur 7, jo mahā-bhūtāni se shuru hote hain aur cetanā dhṛtiḥ tak jaate hain, material elements aur zindagi ke kuch lakshan ko analyze karte hain. Yeh sab milkar sharir yaani activity ka kshetra banate hain. Aur verses 8 se 12, jo amānitvam se shuru hote hain aur tattva-jñānārtha-darśanam tak jaate hain, gyaan ka process describe karte hain taaki hum field of activities ke dono gyaan dene walon, yani atma aur Supersoul ko samajh sakein. Phir verses 13 se 18, jo anādi mat-param se shuru hote hain aur hṛdi sarvasya viṣṭhitam tak jaate hain, atma aur Supreme Lord, yaani Supersoul ko describe karte hain. Toh yahan teen cheezein samjhayi gayi hain: activity ka kshetra (sharir), samajhne ka process, aur dono atma aur Supersoul. Yeh khaas taur par yahan bataya gaya hai ki sirf pure bhakt log hi in teen cheezon ko clearly samajh sakte hain. Isliye in bhakton ke liye Bhagavad-gītā poori tarah se upyogi hai; yeh wahi hain jo supreme goal, yani Supreme Lord Krishna ki prakriti ko prapt kar sakte hain. Dusre logon ko Bhagavad-gītā samajhne mein mushkil hoti hai, sirf bhakt hi isse samajh sakte hain aur apne chahte hue parinaam ko prapt kar sakte hain.
Chinmaya Commentary
अब तक गीतोपदेश में जो कुछ विवेचन किया गया है वह वस्तुत वैदिक सिद्धांत का ही प्रतिपादन है। महाभूतों से प्रारम्भ होकर धृति पर्यन्त क्षेत्र है। अमानित्वादि से तत्त्वज्ञानार्थ दर्शन तक ज्ञान का वर्णन है। और तत्पश्चात् के श्लोकों में ज्ञेय वस्तु का निर्देश किया गया है।अब प्रश्न यह है कि इस ज्ञान का उत्तम अधिकारी कौन है भगवान् कहते हैं जो मेरा भक्त है वह मेरे स्वरूप को प्राप्त होता है। परन्तु यह भक्ति केवल भावुकतापूर्ण प्रेम ही नहीं है। जिसने क्षेत्र और क्षेत्रज्ञ के विवेक द्वारा यह स्वानुभव प्राप्त किया है कि एक वासुदेव ही भूतमात्र में क्षेत्रज्ञ के रूप में विराजमान हैं वही साधक उत्तम भक्त है जो मेरे स्वरूप को प्राप्त होता है।क्षेत्र और क्षेत्रज्ञ का ही वर्णन अगले श्लोक में प्रकृति और पुरुष के रूप में किया जा रहा है